How to understand that a child has swallowed a foreign body. What to do if a child swallows a foreign body? Chicken feather pillow

Children are extremely inquisitive and learn about the world, touching and tasting everything. Most little fidgets, without suspecting it, can harm themselves: finding some small object, they put it in various parts of the body, they can even inhale or swallow it. If this happens, and your child swallowed a foreign body (well, if you saw and know what exactly he "ate"), immediately take him to the hospital.

Symptoms that indicate the presence of a foreign body in the body of the crumbs do not always appear, but it is still worth doing an x-ray of the esophagus, respiratory tract and bronchi.

What to do?

The concern of parents when the baby swallowed a foreign object is quite understandable, especially if adults do not know what exactly their baby "ate" or how the foreign body got into the esophagus, or into Airways. In principle, a foreign body in the stomach does not pose a particular danger, it passes through the entire gastrointestinal tract and comes out naturally in a few days. A button, bone or bead swallowed by a baby usually does not cause discomfort for children, in this case it is enough for parents to observe the behavior of their crumbs and prepare vegetable or fruit puree for him to make this item easier to come out.

However, if the baby swallowed a foreign object in the form of a battery, a coin, a rather large or sharp-edged object, then immediately consult a doctor, because the consequences can be dire, even fatal. So, for example, a swallowed battery quickly oxidizes, releasing toxins in the esophagus and stomach, which can be fatal within a few hours, and sharp objects passing through the gastrointestinal tract injure internal organs children, provoke inflammation and other unpleasant consequences. In the hospital, the baby will take an x-ray of the esophagus, an examination and determine the location of a foreign object. After that, the doctor will determine exactly how it will be extracted.

Foreign body in the stomach

A foreign body in the stomach can cause a deterioration in the general condition in children, which is accompanied by the following symptoms: pain in the abdomen and esophagus, dizziness, nausea, excessive intestinal gas (bloating). However, it happens that the baby, having taken a foreign object into his mouth, could not swallow it and the foreign body remains in the esophagus, this often happens in infants. The danger is caused by a large unchewed piece of food or an accidentally swallowed object that is not used for food (pieces of chicken, meat or fish bones, wood, glass, nails, needles, coins, badges, buttons, etc.).

The main symptoms that parents should pay attention to are the following:

• "stabbing" pain, rapidly increasing and accompanied by salivation (the nature and intensity of the pain indicate foreign bodies stuck, damage to the mucous membrane, puncture of the esophagus wall or its rupture);
• bursting behind the sternum;
• swallowing disorder (especially pronounced for solid food and may be moderate or absent when taking liquid food or water);
• vomiting or spitting up;
• respiratory failure;
• noisy (hissing, whistling, stridor) breathing.

Respiratory disorders occur if a foreign body, passing through the esophagus, is stuck at the level of the larynx and mechanical compression occurs. An endoscopic examination will help the doctor make a diagnosis, and in some cases, a chest x-ray (to rule out damage to the airways) or an examination of the esophagus with contrast may be required. The tactics of therapy are determined by the surgeon.

Foreign object in the respiratory tract and bronchi

The respiratory tract is one of the most dangerous locations for a foreign body. With a sudden breath from fear, the foreign body can go even deeper. A foreign body can partially or, worst of all, completely block oxygen in the baby’s airways, and then adults need to take active steps in a matter of seconds. In case of confusion or ignorance, this can lead to a stop of the airways, bronchi or lungs and death.

Signs of a foreign object in the respiratory tract are a choking cough, wheezing in the lungs, possibly with the release of sputum and even blood, shortness of breath, the crying of the baby is deaf, as if squeezed, breathing is rather noisy.

An agonizing constant cough occurs only if the object is stuck in the trachea. If the foreign body is small, it slips into the bronchus and symptoms of bronchitis occur: cough, dry wheezing, there may be a temperature or even sputum discharge. Pneumonia can often develop.

A foreign body in the bronchi, trachea and respiratory tract in children is the most life-threatening. Large objects with a smooth surface (metal, plastic parts of toys, berry bones, peas, peanuts) are heavy and are not thrown out by an air stream when coughing. Nut shells, spikelets of herbs, springs linger in the bronchi, clinging to the mucous membrane. Easily swelling, relatively dense plant tissues (citrus peels, pieces of boiled vegetables), as well as chewing gum, seem to be wedged into the lumen of the bronchus. Remaining blocked for a long time, the bronchi become inflamed, and pneumonia, asthma or pneumothorax can be a consequence of this.

If a foreign body is in the respiratory tract, lungs, bronchi, trachea in children, they should immediately receive first aid.

If a foreign body is inhaled by an infant:

• put the child on your arm or on your thigh, lowering his head down;
• hit 5 times on the back with the base of the palm;
• if the obstruction remains, turn the infant over and press 5 times with two finger jerks on the infant's chest in the midline.

When a foreign body is aspirated by a child older than 1 year:

• pat the child on the back with the base of the hand while the child is sitting, kneeling or lying down;
• if the obstruction remains, stand behind the child and wrap your arms around his torso, clench one hand into a fist below the child's sternum, put the other hand on the fist and sharply press the abdomen in an oblique upward direction. Repeat this procedure (Heimlich maneuver) 5 times.

Urgently need to call ambulance. In the hospital, the child will have a chest x-ray or bronchoscopy and remove the foreign body.

Foreign body in the nose, eye or ear of a child

A foreign body in the ear can get into the external auditory canal, or into the cavity of the middle or inner ear. As a rule, the child himself pushes the object into the ear. It can be any small household item, a toy, a piece of paper, plasticine, cotton wool, a wooden chip or stick, plant seeds, an insect. A foreign body in the ear is manifested by congestion and pain in the ear, hearing loss, a feeling of pressure in the ear, sometimes dizziness and vomiting.

Diagnosis of a foreign body in the ear is carried out by an ENT doctor using otoscopy (detailed examination). Removal of a foreign body, depending on its size and shape, is carried out by washing, instrumental or surgical intervention.

Often, parents are faced with the fact that the baby pushes all kinds of small objects into the nose (buttons, toy parts, even food and insects). Signs (primary) of a foreign body in the nose of a child are as follows: difficult breathing due to nasal congestion, redness and irritation, mucous discharge, the child begins to sneeze, lacrimation appears.

If a foreign body gets into the baby's nose, and the parents did not immediately determine this, then the object begins to decompose (if it is of plant origin), grow into the surrounding tissues, causing considerable discomfort and pain to the baby.

If a foreign object is in the nose or ear in children, secondary symptoms are characteristic - pus and an unpleasant odor, one-sided headaches and a runny nose are formed.

Before pulling out a foreign object, first of all, you should calm down yourself and calm the baby, then drip vasoconstrictor drops into the nostril (they will relieve swelling) and, closing the second, undamaged nostril, ask the baby to blow it well with his nose, imitating the process of blowing out. If the object did not come out on its own, this indicates that it has been in the nose of your crumbs for quite a long time and has already managed to grow together with the surrounding tissues.

Extract insect you can put it in your baby's ear Vaseline oil, glycerin, thereby blocking the access of oxygen to the "bug". After a while, she dies, then you should put the baby on the sore ear so that the pest comes out with the dripped liquid.

Foreign inanimate object, if the parent sees it, you can hook it with tweezers and gently remove it from the ear with a smooth movement. But if the object is not visible to the naked eye, you should not pick and try to find it, go to the doctor. Thanks to special equipment, a specialist will quickly remove a foreign body.

The desire of children to taste everything is their natural reaction to the outside world, the craving to explore the surrounding things with the help of taste buds.

Often, licking and trying to gnaw or bite on the object under study does not end there - your child can swallow it. Foreign bodies end up in children's stomachs more often than in adults, appendixes are operated on and heart attacks occur.According to statistics, every 5-6th child in the world swallows something that is clearly not suitable for food. Parents need to be extremely vigilant so that a small foreign object does not cause big trouble.

Reasons why children swallow foreign objects

You should not blame the child for putting a foreign object in his mouth, and this caused problems with his health. IN childhood there are a number of objective physiological reasons why children swallow all sorts of uselessness:

At what age can the problem occur?

The child can drag a foreign object into his mouth as soon as he reaches it. And this means that The “starting point” when parents need to be very vigilant is the 7-8th month of life, when the baby begins to crawl and tries to reach new unknown objects for him.

At this time, small objects seem to be created for parents to stay in constant tension - the child’s vision is not yet perfect, he is only learning to focus it, which means that he will first of all stop his gaze on a small bright object that will be in his path of plastun crawling through space children's world. Sometimes a mother is saved by the fact that, due to incomplete focusing of vision, the baby may simply not see an object that is dangerous in terms of swallowing, even in absolute proximity to himself - but you should not rely on this, vigilance should be maximum.

According to statistics, most often children swallow foreign objects at the age of 1-3 years. During this period, they become more nimble, many are already walking, which means that the reach of tsatski, which must be pulled into the mouth, increases.

But the age of young “swallowers” ​​(albeit not swords) is not limited to three or five years. Then the age of all sorts of experiments begins, when children can consciously and even deliberately “bite off” an inedible object. Especially for those tomboys who are in the team (in kindergarten or in a yard "gang") and subconsciously try to brag to others - something, just to brag. Also described funny cases when children, even of middle school age, while learning lessons and mechanically fiddling with some object in their hands, could start to procrastinate it in their mouths and at the same time accidentally draw it into the esophagus. All these examples mean that parents should always be vigilant - whether the child is 7 months old or 7 years old.

Signs that a child has swallowed a foreign object

The fact that a child has swallowed a small object (a nut, a bead, a small denomination coin) can often go unnoticed. Mom finds out about this by chance, when the swallowed object, passing through the gastrointestinal tract, comes out with the feces.

You can suspect something is wrong if the child's behavior changes dramatically - he feels guilty (although he cannot explain), calms down and stops behaving as he usually does. In this case, you should ask him what happened, and whether he swallowed a multi-colored "candy". This should be done as affectionately as possible, even with the use of some diplomacy - otherwise the child, for fear of being punished, will stubbornly hide the fact of swallowing the object. Naturally, the sense of such questions will be if the child is at the age when he realizes that he did "something wrong."

The entry of a foreign body into the digestive tract of a child more than one centimeter in diameter manifests itself momentarily, in fact, in trouble. Symptoms by which you can suspect what happened:

In the vast majority of cases, a child swallows a foreign object commensurate with the diameter of the esophagus, and hence the entire gastrointestinal tract - this means that it is able to come out naturally. In some cases, this does not happen, because the object gets stuck in the folds of the gastrointestinal tract.

Then its presence in the gastrointestinal tract can be suspected only when questioning the child and the symptoms described above. Although it happens that a diagnosis can only be made using instrumental research methods (for example,) or after the fact, when a foreign object comes out.

Often, objects with sharp edges are swallowed, which, it would seem, cannot be swallowed (pins, paper clips, pushpins, and so on). In such cases, it is highly likely that they, stuck in any of the sections of the digestive tract, will not come out on their own either. Their presence in the gastrointestinal tract will be signaled by the child's complaints of acute pain - due to irritation of the mucous membrane.

Help. What not to do

Instead of multiple useless (and sometimes dangerous) actions, call a qualified doctor as soon as possible who will provide competent assistance to the child.

If the child began to cough and choke slightly, he should be placed on his knee face down so that the upper half of the body was lowered, while lightly tapping his fingers on the back between the shoulder blades. At the same time, do not overdo it with the force of tapping!

Condition prevention

Rather, it lies in the field not medical, but domestic - parents need to constantly monitor the baby so that he does not stuff an object of interest to him in his mouth, and also, if possible, limit the child's ability to contact small objects.

If the child has grown up and listens to parental exhortations, it should be strictly forbidden to put foreign objects into his mouth.

Kovtonyuk Oksana Vladimirovna, medical commentator, surgeon, medical consultant

Where to go and what to do if a child has swallowed a foreign body? In medical practice, this situation occurs quite often.

The birth of a baby is the happiest moment in the life of his parents, as well as grandparents. While the child is still very small, does not even crawl, but simply lies all day in the crib, protect him and provide him safe conditions for life is not quite difficult. But as soon as the baby begins to crawl, take the first steps, it becomes quite difficult to keep an eye on the little prankster. In such early age the baby does not yet give an account of his actions and actions and knows nothing about the prohibitions. And in this situation, the curiosity of the baby can play a cruel joke with him. At this age, children are very inquisitive and try to learn about the world around them by touching and examining the taste of found objects.

Objects and substances that the baby can swallow

All items that can be swallowed by a small researcher can be divided into 2 groups: hazardous to health and, accordingly, non-hazardous to health. The first includes:

• needles, paper clips, pins, buttons - the so-called sharp objects;
• long objects - it should be borne in mind that for babies under the age of one year, long objects include objects that are more than 3 cm in size, and for a child older than a year - more than 5 cm;
• batteries;
• magnet - if 2 magnets enter the body at once, this can lead to adhesion of the intestine (when the magnets stick together, the baby’s intestine in the indicated area dies off, which will lead to inflammation of the abdominal cavity or sepsis);
• and, finally, substances with poisonous and toxic properties.

If any object or substance listed above has entered the child's body, you should immediately seek help from a doctor. The presence of any of these objects or substances for a long time in the body can have very serious consequences. When visiting a doctor, an X-ray examination will most likely be prescribed, during which the doctor will be able to determine the position of the foreign body in the body.

Fruit stones, buttons, beads, etc. are considered harmless for a child. If he swallowed something belonging to the group of non-dangerous objects, then it is necessary to monitor the general condition of the baby. If the child feels well, continues to play and does not experience any discomfort, then there is no cause for concern in this case.

Also, you should immediately consult a doctor if the baby has the following symptoms or manifests at least one of the following, namely:

• intense salivation:
• sharp acute pain in the abdomen, flatulence;
• nausea and urge to vomit;
• cough in general and especially accompanied by shortness of breath;
• labored breathing;
• sudden and sharp rise in temperature;
• spotting during bowel movements;
• refusal to eat.

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Help with foreign body ingestion

The behavior of the baby and the manifestation of certain symptoms will depend on the shape, size and material of the object that has entered the child's body. In any case, if a foreign body has entered the gastrointestinal tract of the baby, then it is necessary to deliver the child to the hospital as soon as possible. Before the doctors arrive, you should not try to pull out or push the object further into the stomach by independent efforts. This way you can only do harm. In no case should you water or feed the baby.

In a medical institution, the baby will be examined by a surgeon and a pediatrician, and, if necessary, additional studies will be carried out using x-rays, endoscopy or ultrasound. According to the results of the behavioral studies, the doctor will be able to make a diagnosis and determine the position of the foreign body. As a rule, a laxative helps to remove a foreign object from the body.

If the movement of a foreign object that has entered the baby’s body seems difficult, then most likely the attending physician will prescribe an endoscopy procedure. If the use of endoscopy is inappropriate, then a laparoscopy procedure or a complete surgical intervention may be prescribed, which is more traumatic for the child and may lead to some complications.

It should be noted that every year a huge number of children die in the world as a result of a foreign body entering the body. Most often, such a diagnosis is made to patients of early childhood from 1 to 3 years. This situation is actually very dangerous. However, as a rule, such a situation has a good ending. If, after entering the body of a foreign body, the child is calm, then most likely this indicates that the object has already entered the stomach and will leave the body naturally.

To be sure of this, it is necessary to check the composition of children's feces 2 days after this event. As a rule, an object swallowed by a child should be released within 4 days. If this does not happen, then you need to seek help from a specialist and conduct an x-ray.

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If a foreign body enters the baby's body, in no case should you give the child laxatives, cause a gag reflex, or give an enema. This can have an extremely negative impact on the condition of the child. It is recommended to make sure that the baby, after swallowing the object, is in a state of maximum physical rest.

In order to prevent such situations, it is not necessary to leave the child alone without supervision by adult family members. It is necessary to remove dangerous small objects from the field of view and reach of the baby. Parents and relatives must be extremely responsible in choosing toys. Toys must match age category baby and not contain any small parts.

Here you will learn what to do if you swallowed an object: fish bones, a piece of meat, fragments of large bones, artificial teeth can get stuck in the esophagus, and in children - buttons, coins, needles, pins, batteries, fruit bones and so on.

When providing first aid when swallowing an object, the victim can be advised to swallow liquid food, oiled porridge, water. In this case, the esophagus relaxes, and the stuck foreign body or object can pass (fall) into the stomach. If this does not help, then the patient who swallowed the object should be immediately referred to a doctor.

It should be remembered if you swallowed an object that you cannot swallow a crust of bread when there is a bone in the esophagus - this can stick it into the mucous membrane of the esophagus.

Swallowed coins, nails, pins, hairpins, batteries and other items enter the gastrointestinal tract (more often in children).

In the vast majority of cases, a swallowed foreign body that has passed the esophagus passes to the rectum within 5-10 days and goes out.

Impressive people should be reassured when helping them, more voluminous food should be prescribed to victims of swallowing objects (vegetable and mashed potatoes, all kinds of cereals, cabbage, mucous decoctions). Laxatives should not be used.

If sharp and voluminous objects (needle, spoon) enter the mouth through the mouth, the victim should be sent to the hospital for constant X-ray monitoring of the movement of the object through the intestines.

Pieces of sugar, fruit seeds, artificial teeth, seeds, pistons of hunting cartridges, batteries and other objects can get into the windpipe - trachea, bronchi. And immediately there is a paroxysmal cough, which indicates the ingress of a foreign body when swallowed into the windpipe, and not into the esophagus. The victim, in fright, grabs his throat, runs out of the room. Making unnecessary movements, he spends a lot of energy, turns blue (from lack of air), wheezes. The people around him are rushing around in a panic, not knowing how to help. This further depresses the victim, he loses strength and hope for salvation.

When providing assistance, especially to children, it is necessary, first of all, to create complete physical rest, give an influx of clean air and try to remove the swallowed foreign body with a simple and accessible technique. The child must be lifted upside down and shaken; at the same time, another adult rhythmically squeezes the chest, increasing the exhalation (as with artificial respiration). Due to its gravity and the push of air when the chest is compressed, an object from the lungs or windpipe can get into the mouth.

If a swallowed voluminous foreign body is visible in the pharynx, it must be very carefully removed with a tool or finger, taking all measures to ensure that the object is not pushed further. If the victim suffocated, lost consciousness, you should immediately begin artificial respiration.

There are, for example, such cases: a five-year-old boy drank tea with sugar in a bite and, laughing, choked. Convulsively wriggling, he turned blue. His father grabbed him in his arms and, trying to hold him, strongly squeezed his chest. A piece of sugar flew out of the trachena, and all the phenomena of suffocation disappeared. An accidental forceful exhalation saved the child's life.

Or here's another example. A six-year-old boy ate compote and choked. Apricot bone got into the trachea. To push it further, the parents, thinking that it was in the esophagus, began to tap the child on the back. His condition deteriorated noticeably, and on the second day he died. At autopsy, the bone was found in the place where the trachea divides into two bronchi. They almost completely closed their lumen.

If the boy were immediately turned upside down and, while shaking, exhaled forcefully, the bone could fall out or at least remain in the wider lumen of the trachea, and then the called doctor could save the child.

In all cases of ingested foreign bodies entering the respiratory tract, the victims should be immediately sent to the hospital or receive medical attention on the spot. During evacuation, the patient must be accompanied medical worker, in the way it is necessary to support cardiovascular activity and breathing.

Sad statistics show that every year millions of foreign bodies enter the gastrointestinal tract, and a significant proportion of these patients are children. This occurs as a result of careless handling of small objects, parental oversight, or, in rare cases, intentionally.

What to do and how not to get confused if you and your child are in such a situation?

Risk factors

Foreign bodies in the upper gastrointestinal tract are common. And, despite the fact that 80-90% of foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract without any problems, a significant number of children die from them every year.

Most often in children, the diagnosis of "foreign body of the gastrointestinal tract" is made in early childhood from 1 to 3 years. Why?

The fact is that this is the most inquisitive and active period in children. In the second year of life, children quickly begin to move and explore territories and objects that were previously inaccessible to them, some of which must strictly be in a place inaccessible to children. After all, the child needs to turn and examine the object from all sides, be sure to smell it, and most importantly, determine the degree of edibility of an object.

Many parents believe that from one to three is the most wonderful age period. Of course, he brings them great pleasure from communicating with his child, but it also requires more care and control. At this age, very high rates of nervous -mental development, the child quickly acquires skills - he learns to take a mug himself, handle a spoon and fork, dress, in a word - take care of himself.

But along with these skills, other abilities develop as well. The kid learns to open various drawers, boxes, unscrew the lids, substitute a chair and reach out to all kinds of shelves where it is located. a large number of various interesting things for him, some of which are potentially dangerous for the child. And such an acquaintance is often too close, threatening his health.

One more important feature this age is the unconsciousness of children. After all, not always the child is aware of what can and cannot be done - and curiosity turns out to be stronger than prohibitions. The main questions for children are: “why?”, “why?”. And they, of course, need to check everything on their own in practice. The combination of all these features explains the high level of injuries, accidents in everyday life and good knowledge of the problem of foreign bodies by doctors, including the gastrointestinal tract.

How do foreign bodies enter the child's body?

Most often, foreign bodies enter the gastrointestinal tract of a child by accident. During play, they are involuntarily swallowed as soon as the child is distracted and loses control of the object he is holding in his mouth. Usually these are small things - toys or their parts, coins, buttons. It can also be large pieces of food, bones from fruits. Often, children, fearing punishment, hide this fact from their parents, and if the child has no complaints, the foreign body can be detected very slowly or not detected at all, because. in most cases, small items come out within 2-3 days on their own. As a rule, the child does not experience any discomfort.

At the time of swallowing in children preschool age fright and a feeling of an unpleasant "lump" in the throat predominate. If the object is of considerable size, then after swallowing, choking, nausea, and vomiting may appear.

In most cases, foreign bodies freely pass through the gastrointestinal tract, come out naturally and do not require treatment. During this period, the child needs the supervision of a specialist who can track the progress of a foreign body through the intestines. To speed up this process, doctors advise taking orally substances that promote the movement of food masses through the intestines (vegetable oil, etc.). As a rule, the foreign body comes out in 2-3 days. Parents should closely monitor the child's stool to make sure that the foreign body has come out.

Rarely, but it happens that children swallow dangerous sharp and metal objects (pins, needles, metal studs, razor blades, Jewelry or fish bones), which can severely injure the wall of the esophagus, penetrate through it. In this case, there is a high probability of damage to vital organs that are anatomically closely located with the esophagus (aorta and large vessels, heart, bronchus) and the occurrence of dangerous complications, which can subsequently greatly reduce the quality of life, make the child disabled or lead to death (but such situations extremely rare).

How to detect a foreign body and what to do about it?

The clinical picture depends on the type, size, shape and location of the foreign body. More commonly, symptoms include dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), odynophagia (pain when swallowing), pain in chest. With a large foreign body that causes complete obstruction (opposition to normal functioning) of the esophagus, there is profuse salivation and regurgitation.

Therefore, if parents see:

That the child has swallowed or is suspected to have swallowed a foreign body;

That the child, against the background of complete well-being, suddenly coughed, vomiting occurred, or he refuses to eat, loses consciousness;

That nothing bothers the child, but the pin that he held in his hands a minute ago disappeared without a trace - and it could not be found;

then it is necessary to urgently deliver the child to a hospital, which has a surgical, radiological, endoscopic, ultrasound department, available around the clock, and where experienced doctors work and there is a necessary arsenal of means for providing medical care.

In such a situation, in no case should you engage in self-treatment - rinse the stomach, feed, give any medications. First of all, the issue of the speedy delivery of the child to the hospital should be decided.

It is very dangerous if a battery turns out to be a foreign body. In the stomach containing hydrochloric acid, the battery, oxidizing and releasing aggressive substances, can cause damage due to chemical burns. Ulcers can form at this site and life-threatening complications can occur. Small disc batteries are especially dangerous in the esophagus, where they can quickly cause colic necrosis (chemical burns from alkaline exposure to the lining of the esophagus) and perforation (rupture of the esophagus). Therefore, the sooner the child is taken to the hospital, the better.

Methods for removing a foreign body

After the child is delivered to the hospital, a pediatrician and a surgeon should examine the child in the admission department, if necessary, additional examinations are carried out: x-ray (but only metal foreign bodies, stones and some types of glass are visible on the x-ray, and plastic, wooden objects are not detected due to material texture), endoscopic or ultrasonic. A diagnosis is made and the level of presence of a foreign body is determined, along with the issue of the need for hospitalization and emergency intervention.

In 99% of cases, a foreign body in the gastrointestinal tract can be removed endoscopically, using a special device. This is possible if the foreign body is not below the duodenum or in the large intestine. Necessarily performed premedication (preliminary drug preparation of the patient for the introduction of anesthesia) and general anesthesia. In this case, the child will not only remember nothing and endure the procedure painlessly, but will also allow the doctor to calmly do his job. Extraction of a foreign body occurs with the help of gastroscopy and examination of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum using a flexible fiber-optic device or colonoscopy and examination of the rectum with a fibrocolonoscope. Moreover, an endoscopic loop, basket or clamp is passed through the endoscope to extract the foreign body.

After anesthesia, the child must be observed in the hospital for at least a day. In some cases, there is no need for anesthesia, this issue is resolved by the surgeon and endoscopist. Sometimes a foreign body can be pushed through the apparatus and in the future, taking a laxative will help it leave the body faster in a natural way. According to statistics, it is possible to remove foreign bodies endoscopically in 97.6-99% of cases. If it was not possible to remove the foreign body endoscopically, a laparoscopic (through a small, usually 0.5-1.5 cm incision) or abdominal surgery is performed, which is always more traumatic for the body and is associated with a much larger number of possible complications.

Prevention of a foreign body entering the child's body

To reduce the risk of a foreign body entering the child's body, you should not leave him alone unattended, and also expose objects that are potentially dangerous for the child and thereby provoke the child. It is necessary to remove household chemicals, tools, and various trifles in a place inaccessible to the baby.

Also You should be extremely careful when choosing toys for your child. They must be chosen taking into account the age of the baby - for the smallest, quite simple, large, bright, without small and easily breaking parts of the toy are suitable. You need to buy them only in children's stores or specialized children's departments. The tag must indicate the manufacturer, material and age of the child for which it is designed. Quality is guaranteed in genuine toys, because the most important thing is the safety of your baby. Fake toys are cheaper, but often they are of poor quality and will quickly break down before your baby can be happy. In any case, your approach to this issue should be reasonable.

Krasavin A.V., chief physician of the children's polyclinic "Markushka",
pediatric gastroenerologist, endoscopist.